What Is The Meaning Of Capital Stock? – Everything You Need to Know
We have often found that people get confused between common stock and preferred stock. But, do you know which one of these will fall under the capital stock category? You can find capital stock recorded under the balance sheet of a company. You should understand that issuing capital-stock allows your company to raise money.
But is capital-stock all good? We don’t think so. Even it has got some drawbacks that often raise the eyebrows of investors. So, let’s find out what capital-stock means precisely, and how it works.
What Is The Meaning Of Capital Stock?
The ordinary stock and preferred stock that a corporation is permitted to issue under its corporate charter are referred to as capital-stock. Common and preferred stock can be divided into numerous classes, each with its own set of characteristics. The capital-stock is a component of the equity section of a balance sheet in accounting.
Investors can only buy capital shares from corporations. It isn’t always the same as the number of shares currently in circulation. Instead, it refers to the total number of shares that can ever be issued.
If a corporation wishes to modify its number, it must do so on its charter. This is accomplished through a vote. When businesses opt for this option, it’s usually in order to raise more capital.
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The manner in which the value of a capital stock is published is determined by whether the stock has a stated value. The par value of each ordinary share is a fixed cash sum. In the stockholders’ equity column of the balance sheet, the dollar amount a corporation receives in return for shares of capital-stock is recorded as a paid-in capital balance.
Any amount paid above the par value by investors is recorded as additional paid-in capital. Preferred stock is mentioned first because its holders prioritize common stockholders when it comes to dividend distribution and liquidation.
Why Is Capital Stock Important?
The capital-stock is important because, through this, a company tries to raise money for expanding its business. Thus, an investor can purchase stock from a company with the hope of receiving more money as dividends for return.
Companies can also trade shares for assets such as buildings, land, or equipment that they need to expand their business. It is a standard way of issuing common stock that is opted by many firms. But, if you want to give capital-stock, it’s better to know the difference between the selling price of your stock and the par value first.
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The percentage of the company that each person owns is determined by the amount of capital-stock granted to different people. You can issue capital-stock to both your investors or your shareholders. For example, if a business has a capital stock of 10,000 shares and an investor is the owner of 5,000 of them, he owns 50% of it.
However, if a company wants to raise $5 million, and its capital-stock has a fixed value of $1, it may sell $5 million shares of stock to raise the money. If the stock’s par value is $10, the $5 million amount will be treated as paid-in capital. On the other hand, the rest $45 million will be recorded as additional paid-in capital.
Pros And Cons Of Capital Stock
| Advantages of Capital Stock | Disadvantages of Capital Stock |
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The Bottom Line
We have given you a brief about what capital-stock is in this article. We have also shared with you some of its advantages and some of its disadvantages here. So, you must remember issuing capital stock is not always a good idea.
Though it leaves you from the burden of being in anyone’s debt, it can dilute your firm’s share value over time. If you want to know more about it, let us know in the comment section.
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Some examples of capital investments include buildings, lands, machinery, equipment, or software. Capital investment funds can also come from a variety of sources, not necessarily angel investors. It can come through cash on hand or through big projects. In some cases, businesses finance funds for capital investment through loans or by issuing stocks. However, it is important to do some research before making any investment decision. Hence, businesses need to focus on research and situations of the market. Capital Investment: How Does It Work? According to TheBalanceMoney.com, “The term capital investment has two usages in business. First, capital investment refers to money used by a business to purchase fixed assets, such as land, machinery, or buildings. Secondly, capital investment refers to money invested in a business with the understanding that the money will be used to purchase fixed assets, rather than used to cover the business's day-to-day operating expenses.” To purchase additional capital assets with capital investments, a growing business might need to seek financing. In most cases, the financing options are debt financing or equity financing. In the first case, businesses take help from financial institutions, while in the second case, businesses take help from angel investors and venture capitalists. With capital investments, the goal of businesses is to achieve their goals. These are some of the major reasons for businesses to make capital investments: By acquiring additional assets for expansion, businesses can increase unit production, add more value, or create new products. Businesses can take advantage of new technology and developments with the help of better machinery and equipment. This can help businesses to increase their efficiency and reduce costs. Businesses also resort to capital investment to replace existing assets that have reached their end-of-life. How Is Capital Investment Useful For Businesses? According to the Corporate Finance Institute, “For a company, invested capital is a source of funding that enables them to take on new opportunities such as expansion. It has two functions within a company. First, it is used to purchase fixed assets such as land, building, or equipment. Secondly, it is used to cover day-to-day operating expenses such as paying for inventory or paying employee salaries.” To understand the usefulness of capital investment for businesses, let’s look at some pros and cons of it: Pros Here are the pros of capital investment: An efficient capital investment increases productivity It results in manufactured goods of better quality Investments can be cheaper as compared to other expenses in the long run. 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