Fixed Annuities: What They Are And How They Work
Fixed annuities offer a low-risk option for retirement planning. Individuals who want to receive regular payments throughout their retirement years can invest their money now, earn interest on these funds, and defer taxes until the annuity pays out. If you’re looking for a safe and effective way to provide for your needs during your retirement years, a fixed annuity is worth considering.
What Is a Fixed Annuity?
A fixed annuity guarantees an ongoing stream of income at a fixed rate of return for a set period of time. Individuals can make a single lump sum payment into their annuity or they can contribute to the annuity through a series of scheduled payments. Fixed annuities are most commonly used to generate retirement income. After you’ve fully funded the annuity, you’re guaranteed returns that have increased at the fixed rate over the life of the annuity.
How Does a Fixed Annuity Work?
Fixed annuities are a straightforward investment option that provides tax-deferred growth. They’re not indexed to stock market performance, so they provide a steady rate of return. This protects you against potential market losses, but it may limit possible gains when the market is up. The rate of return does not account for inflation, so you’ll need to consider projected inflation rates when evaluating your contributions and return.
Every annuity has slightly different terms. The annuity may begin to pay out immediately or the payments can commence at a future date.
Annuities with a lifetime payout option will deliver fixed payments until the investor passes away. Some will pay out through the lifetime of the investor’s spouse, allowing both partners to draw on the income. A period of a certain annuity provides a set number of payments. The investor may outlive these payments. If they do not, the annuity’s continuing payments can go to their estate or to a set beneficiary.
Fixed vs Variable Rate Annuities
Fixed annuities are low-risk products with a set rate of return, which protects you from the potential volatility of the stock market. These differ from variable rate annuities, which deliver returns based on the performance of the investments in the annuity’s portfolio.
A variable rate annuity has the potential to accelerate the growth of your holdings, but it comes with a higher rate of risk as well. A variable rate annuity is best used in conjunction with other lower-risk investments like an IRA.
Understanding Accumulation and Payout Terms
Annuities go through two phases. While you’re paying money into the annuity, it’s in its accumulation phase. When the annuity begins to deliver payments, it transitions into the payout phase, also known as the annuitization phase. It’s important to understand the terms associated with both phases so you can handle your finances appropriately.
The accumulation terms specify:
- The period of time over which contributions are made.
- The number of contributions the investor will make.
- How much each contribution will be.
- The rate of return on the investment.
The payout terms will specify:
- The minimum age at which you can start receiving payments.
- The withdrawal penalty for taking payments early.
- How long the payments will continue.
- Whether another beneficiary can receive payments in the event of the original investor’s death.
Types of Fixed Annuities
Fixed annuities can come in several different forms, each with slightly different terms.
- Traditional Fixed: A traditional fixed annuity, as discussed here, provides a fixed interest rate over a specific period of time.
- Fixed Index: A fixed index annuity bases some or all of the interest rate on the market index. Though the interest rate will never fall below zero, it can fluctuate. A fixed index annuity caps the maximum return at a percentage of the actual return rate on the index.
- Multi-Year Guaranteed Annuity (MYGA): An MYGA uses a fixed interest rate for a set period of time, which is typically between three and ten years. At this point, you can cash out the annuity or renew the contract under new terms.
Who Can Benefit From a Fixed Annuity?
A fixed annuity is a simple investment option that provides an effective way to fund your retirement.
This type of investment is ideal for:
- Risk-averse investors who prioritize stability and security.
- Individuals looking for a more profitable alternative to a CD or savings account.
- Those who want to make a predictable retirement budget.
- Investors who want tax-deferred growth for their money.
Whether you’re setting up your first retirement fund or looking for a low-risk way to round out your retirement investments, a fixed annuity can provide an excellent option.
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On the other hand, according to Squareup.com, “The dictionary definition of a shareholder, also known as a stockholder, is a person who holds at least one share in a company. They’re not the same as a stakeholder though – this is someone who has an interest but doesn’t necessarily hold shares. Being a shareholder confers certain rights and responsibilities such as voting rights and the right to receive dividends if the company makes a profit.” You can see from the aforementioned definition that a shareholder owns a part of a public company through shares of stock. A shareholder is a stakeholder, but a stakeholder is not always a shareholder. A shareholder is not part of the day-to-day operations of the business, as these functions are the responsibilities of the directors, management, and employees of the company. [N.B.: If a shareholder owns more than 50% of the stock of a corporation, then he is a majority shareholder. However, if the shareholder owns less than 50% of the stock of a corporation, he becomes a minority shareholder.] The Importance And Functions Of Stakeholders According to the Corporate Finance Institute, “A stakeholder is a party that has an interest in the company’s success or failure. A stakeholder can affect or be affected by the company’s policies and objectives. Stakeholders can either be internal or external. Internal stakeholders have a direct relationship with the company either through employment, ownership, or investment.” Stakeholders are basically those people who affect the company, or the company affects them. These people have a “stake” in the company’s success and failure. A shareholder can also be a stakeholder. However, a stakeholder is not always a shareholder. Here are some common examples of stakeholders of a company: ● The employees of the company ● Customers of the company that rely on the company’s ability to provide services ● Shareholders of the company. ● Suppliers and vendors of the company ● Community members who feel the impact of the company’s decisions ● Other promotional activities of the company, including partners in events, promotions, etc. The Importance And Functions Of Shareholders A shareholder is an institution, company, or individual that owns at least one share of the company. The company’s growth offers profit to the shareholders. Hence, shareholders are also stakeholders by default. The success of the business interests shareholders since they want to receive the greatest possible return on their investment. When the company performs well, the stock prices and dividends go up, which increases the value of the shareholder’s stocks. Shareholders also have the right to exercise a vote and affect the company’s management. These people are the company’s owners and are not liable for the debts of the company, as the company is a corporation. To have shareholders, a company or a business venture needs to become a corporation by filing articles of incorporation. Stakeholder Vs Shareholder: Major Differences The following are some of the key differences between a stakeholder and a shareholder: StakeholderShareholderThey are bound to the company for the long term and are interested in the actions and success of the company.They might not have a long-term need for the company.A stakeholder can have an ownership stake in the company.Shareholders can own a part of the company by purchasing stock.The day-to-day decisions of the company impact stakeholders. The actions of the stakeholders also impact the company’s growth.The day-to-day decisions of the company might not impact shareholders. 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