Finance

Micro vs Macro Economics: What’s The Difference?

Arnab

Finance Oct 07, 2023

Economics deals with human behavior and its implications on society. This subject is divided into two broad categories known as macro and microeconomics. Micro vs Macroeconomics has lots of factors present within itself. Without an in-depth analysis, you cannot get the core points of differences between the two concepts. So, without an in-depth study of Micro vs Macro economics, things are going to be difficult for you.

Microeconomics deals with individual consumers and businesses, whereas macroeconomics deals with the behavior of the aggregate economy. You must know the core differences between the two concepts that can make things easier for you.

Economics studies the individual, business, and government allocates resources that can assist you to meet your requirements with ease.

What Is Macro Economics?

Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that studies the performance and behavior of the economy as a whole. It focuses on the study of the aggregate annual national income of the entire economy within a particular fiscal year. Marginal cost also forms a part of it.

What Is Micro Economics?

Microeconomics considers the behavior of the decision-makers within a particular economy, such as households, individuals, and firms. Your prime focus would be to find out the core problems of the economy at an individual level. A holistic approach is not required here.

What Is The Difference Between Micro vs Macro Economics?

There are several points of difference between Macro and microeconomics that you must know at your end. You should go through the differences that can assist you in getting the core points of differences between Micro vs Macro Economics. The trial balance also shows the impact of these two concepts.

Basis Of Comparision	Micro Economics	Macro Economics
Meaning	Microeconomics is that branch of economics that deals with household, individual, and firm behavior analysis at the time of allocation of resources. It comprises the goods and services of the market and deals with the issues in their economy.	The Macroeconomics deals with the complete behavioral study of the economy and its performance in total. Important areas of study in the case of Macroeconomics are GDP, growth rate, inflation, and unemployment.
Area Of Study	It studies a specific market segment of an economy.	It studies the entire economy and covers the market as a whole.
Deals With	Microeconomics deals with multiple issues like factor pricing, product pricing, demand & supply position, production, consumption, and economic welfare.	Macroeconomics deals with various issues like national income, general price level, money, distribution, and employment.
Business Application	It solves the internal issues.	It solves external and environmental issues.
Scope	Microeconomics covers issues like actor pricing, product pricing, demand & supply position, production, consumption, and economic welfare.	Macroeconomics covers issues like national income, general price level, money, distribution, and employment.
Significance	It helps to maintain the balance between the products and the factors of production like land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.	Macroeconomics helps you maintain and solve major issues like inflation, deflation, unemployment, and poverty as a whole.
Limitations	Micro-economics considers some of the impractical presumptions like all people in the economy are employed which is impossible.	The process and the composition are inaccurate in the process of assumption that you must know at your end.

The tabular format gives the pinpointed explanation of the two concepts. Micro vs macroeconomics has other points of difference too. Let’s elaborate on them to get a complete idea about it.

1. Scope & Analysis

Microeconomics deals with the behavior of individual economic agents, such as households, firms, and consumers. It examines how they make decisions regarding the allocation of resources, the production of goods and services, and the determination of prices for specific products.

Macroeconomics, on the other hand, looks at the broader economy as a whole. It studies total variables of the economy, like national income, unemployment rates, inflation, and overall economic growth. It is one of the fundamental differences between Micro vs macroeconomics.

2. Focus

Microeconomics focuses on the specific details of economic transactions and interactions at the individual level. It delves into topics like supply and demand, consumer choices, market structures, and the behavior of firms in different industries.

Macroeconomics takes a bird’s-eye view of the economy, looking at the overall performance of the economy, including issues like economic growth, inflation, and the business cycle. It aims to understand and analyze the economy’s general health and stability.

3. Key questions

Microeconomics answers questions such as “How do consumers make choices?” or “How do firms maximize profit?” It is concerned with issues like individual pricing decisions and resource allocation.

Macroeconomics tackles questions like “What determines the overall level of employment in the economy?” or “What causes inflation or recession?” It seeks to understand the factors influencing the overall health and stability of an economy. How does the inventory turnover ratio get the impact of it?

4. Policy Implications

Microeconomics primarily informs individual and firm-level decision-making. It is less directly tied to government policies, although it does have implications for regulatory and competition policies. You can go through the website of Byjus as well to get a clearer picture.

Macroeconomics is closely linked to government policies and monetary and fiscal measures. It provides insights for policymakers to manage and stabilize the overall economy, such as through monetary policy, fiscal policy, and taxation.

5. Tools & Methods

Microeconomists often use tools like supply and demand curves, consumer utility theory, and market structures. To analyze individual economic decisions and interactions.

Macroeconomists use tools like national income accounting, aggregate demand and supply models, and monetary and fiscal policies. To study the overall behavior of the economy. Investopedia is also of the same opinion.

How Are Micro & Macro Economics Interrelated?

Microeconomics studies the aggregate structure, whereas Macroeconomics is itself the aggregates. In this way, both are interrelated to one another. You cannot learn macroeconomics without knowing microeconomics.

End Of The Concept

Hence, if you have doubts regarding the concepts of micro vs macroeconomics, then this article can be of great help for you to guide you in the right direction. Things are going to be easier for you once you go through the concepts with an in-depth analysis.

You can share your comments and views in our comment box. It will be helpful for us to know your take on this matter. Share the experiences once you complete reading the article. Feel free to reach us if you have any queries left out.

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Arnab

Arnab Das is a passionate blogger who loves to write on different niches like technologies, dating, finance, fashion, travel, and much more.

Marginal Cost: Definition, Formula, Examples, And More

Every production in a business has a certain level of expected output. However, in most situations, there is always a change in the quantity of the desired output for the business. This results in an increase or decrease in the total production cost. This change in cost is known as marginal cost. This is a term that is used in economics and managerial accounting. It is a variable unit that depends on the inclusion of resources to enhance production or service. In this article, you will learn about marginal cost and how it works in the world of accounting. Apart from that, we will also share with you how marginal cost works for businesses, especially during the accounting processes, where we will give you the formula to calculate it. Next up, you will learn more about this term with the help of a simple example. Finally, we will discuss the major benefits of marginal cost. What Is Marginal Cost? According to Investopedia, “In economics, the marginal cost is the change in total production cost that comes from making or producing one additional unit. To calculate marginal cost, divide the change in production costs by the change in quantity. The purpose of analyzing marginal cost is to determine at what point an organization can achieve economies of scale to optimize production and overall operations.” Here, if the marginal cost of the business to produce one more unit is lower than the price of each unit, it gives the business an opportunity to make a profit. The business will be able to maximize its profits to the point where its marginal cost matches its marginal revenue. Read More: What Is Continuity In Business, And Why Is It Important? What Is Marginal Cost Formula? The increase in the total expense that is required to manufacture one additional product is the marginal cost. Hence, you can measure the marginal cost by determining the changes to what expenses are incurred for manufacturing one additional product. Here is the formula for calculating marginal cost: Marginal Cost = Change in Total Costs / Change in the Quantity of Production How Does Marginal Cost Work? According to Wall Street Mojo, “The marginal costing technique is crucial for any business aiming to optimize the production of goods or delivery of services. The concept technically means extra costs added to the production cost due to additional unit(s). It helps companies determine the selling price of a product or service. Furthermore, they can estimate the desired output by understanding marginal and sales costs.” Any manufacturing business uses the marginal cost factor to isolate the level of optimum production. Apart from that, manufacturers also examine the cost of adding one more unit to their schedules of production. There are situations manufacturers face during production where the benefit of producing one more unit and generating revenue from that product will bring down the overall production cost of that product. If the business wants to optimize its costs of manufacturing, it would need to find that point or level as quickly as possible. The marginal cost in production basically includes all the costs that vary with the change in the production level. Let’s say a company builds a new factory entirely so as to produce more goods. The cost of building the new factory is considered as the marginal cost. The company that is looking to maximize its profits will try to produce up to a point where the marginal cost of the company is equal to the marginal revenue. An Example Of The Working Of Marginal Cost Both fixed costs and variable costs are part of the production. The fixed cost is the one that does not change with an increase in the level of production. Hence, the business spreads out the same value over more outputs as the production increases. On the other hand, the variable cost is the one that changes with the change in the variable output. Hence, when the business produces more units, the variable cost of the production will increase as a result. You can understand this better with the help of an example: Let’s consider a company XYZ which makes pencils. Each requires $0.75 of wood and lead. Here, wood and lead are variable costs. The pencil company also has to spend $1000 on fixed costs every month. If XYZ makes 500 pencils per month, then each pencil takes $2 of fixed costs ($1000/500 pencils). Hence, the total cost per pencil would be $2.75, where $2 is the fixed cost per pencil and $0.75 is the variable cost of one pencil. Hence, the marginal cost of the company XYZ goes up as a result. What Are The Benefits Of Marginal Cost? The following are the major benefits of calculating marginal cost: Knowing the marginal cost and marginal revenue of various product lines will allow the company to concentrate resources on products where the difference is higher. The business can focus on manufacturing individual units with maximum returns rather than investing in less successful goods. The business gets an idea when it is no longer profitable to manufacture additional products. It also helps the business to take on additional or customer orders. However, there are some limitations of marginal costs as well. According to Indeed.com, “The limitation of marginal cost is that in real-world examples of the calculation, some costs aren't easily discernible as fixed or variable, such as overhead costs, which can sometimes be in either category. This can cause some issues with the calculation since variations in how people separate values can change the outcome of the formula.” Read More: Business Continuity Plan – What Is It, And How Does It Work? Wrapping Up You can see from this article that marginal cost is one of the most important terms in accounting. It is the increase or decrease in the total cost of production of the business mainly due to the changes in the quantity of the output that the business desired beforehand. By calculating marginal cost, businesses can optimize their production through economies of scale. Managers can use marginal cost to make decisions related to resource allocations, optimize production processes, control manufacturing costs, streamline operations, and many more. Do you have anything more to add on how to use marginal cost? Share your thoughts and ideas with us in the comments section below. Read Also: Market Orientation - What is It, And How Does It Work? Marketing Campaigns: How To Do It? – Steps To Follow Market Cannibalization - Definition, How Does It Work, Example, And More

Successful Trading Strategies With Bullish Engulfing Patterns

In financial markets, traders are constantly on the lookout for reliable patterns and signals to guide their decisions. One such pattern that has stood the test of time is a bullish engulfing pattern. This candlestick pattern is a strong indicator of a potential bullish trend reversal and has been a cornerstone in the toolkit of successful traders. So, delve into the strategies below that traders employ to capitalize on the Engulfing Patterns and potentially turn the tides of their trading fortunes. Identifying The Patterns The first step in any successful trading strategy involving these Patterns is identifying them. These patterns consist of two candlesticks – the first is a smaller bearish candle, followed by a larger bullish candle that completely engulfs the previous one. Traders look for this clear and distinct formation on their price charts. It's crucial to use technical analysis tools like moving averages, RSI, and trend lines to confirm the potential reversal before making any trading decisions. Timing Is Key Timing is everything in the trading world, and this holds when dealing with a bullish engulfing pattern. So, to maximize the chances of success, traders often wait for additional confirmation before entering a trade. This can include waiting for the bullish candle to close, ensuring it engulfs the bearish one. Waiting for confirmation can help filter out false signals and reduce the risk associated with premature entries. Setting Stop-Loss And Take-Profit Levels Risk management is a key aspect of any trading strategy, and trading these Patterns is no exception. Setting stop-loss and take-profit levels is crucial to safeguarding your capital and locking in profits. Traders typically place a stop-loss just below the low of the bullish candle that formed the pattern. This level serves as a safety net to limit potential losses if the trade doesn't go as expected. Meanwhile, take-profit levels, on the other hand, are usually set at a reasonable distance from the entry point, allowing traders to secure profits when the market moves in their favor. Combine With Other Indicators Successful traders understand the critical importance of utilizing a variety of multiple indicators and analytical tools in their comprehensive market analysis. While these Patterns are inherently powerful on their own, they become exponentially more robust and reliable when combined with other diverse technical indicators. Traders often vigilantly look for additional confirming signals such as overbought or oversold conditions, pivotal support and resistance levels, or clear trend confirmation from other reputable indicators like the MACD. This multifaceted, layered approach can provide stronger, more reliable validation for the potential bullish reversal, enhancing trading strategies. Practice Patience And Discipline Trading can be emotionally charged, and the excitement of spotting an Engulfing Pattern can lead to impulsive decisions. However, discipline and patience are essential virtues in trading. Successful traders know the importance of sticking to their trading plan and not letting emotions cloud their judgment. They wait for the right setup and confirmations and ensure they are not overtrading. Consistency in applying their strategies is what sets them apart. Conclusion In trading, mastering a bullish engulfing pattern can be a game-changer for traders looking to capitalize on potential bullish trend reversals. By identifying these patterns, timing their entries, setting appropriate risk management levels, combining them with other indicators, and practicing patience and discipline, traders can enhance their chances of success. Remember that no trading strategy is foolproof, and losses are a part of the game, but by adhering to these strategies and continuously learning and adapting, traders can work towards achieving consistent profitability. So, the next time you spot an Engulfing Pattern on your price chart, approach it with these proven strategies in mind, and you might just find yourself on the path to trading success. Read Also: Bnku Stock: Microsectors Us Big Banks Index 3x Leveraged Etns Tui Share Price Forcast: Everything You Should Know Poocoin Stock Forecast: Everything You Should Know

Credit Card Frauds and What You Can Do to Avoid Them

As of 2021, the most common payment method out of all the fraud reports in the US was credit cards. In 2020, when the world was battling COVID-19, there were a total of 459,297 cases of such fraud. Most of these fraud victims were between the ages of 30 and 39, the target demographic for credit card issuers. As a result, theft by credit card fraud increased by almost 45% compared to 2019. Credit card fraud is one of the biggest threats today’s eCommerce industry faces. No one’s bank account is entirely safe from these perils, from credit card theft to credit card data breaches. A card issuer does their best to stop offline and online transactions from a stolen credit card whenever they suspect fraud. It’s also possible to recover funds from credit card fraud via a funds recovery company. These companies can easily back you up as long as you have sufficient evidence. However, you to be vigilant as well regarding this issue. So, here are a few things you can do to avoid credit card fraud. Never Save Your Credit Card Details In 2021, Google sent millions of users a chilling email when it told them their passwords had been compromised. The data breach exposed millions of users’ saved login and payment credentials. You often save your credit card information on various websites. The purpose is that you don’t have to re-enter the same details the next time you want to buy something from them. However, hackers can access your information when they manage to breach the website’s security measures. As a result, your credit card information is no longer safe. It might already be too late by the time you get to know it. Scan Your Computer and Phone for Virus and Malware The number of online transactions reaches the million mark almost every day. Most of these are credit card transactions, where people are buying stuff online. Since you’re either using your mobile or PC for this, you must make sure no one is snooping on you and your credit card information. Scan your PC and smartphone for viruses and malware. Hackers and scammers can access confidential information on your devices by planting a backdoor. At the same time, you should be careful while installing third-party software on your devices. Read : What Is Stockinvest? Is It Legit And Working In 2022? Use Stronger and More Secure Security Measures Not saving your login credentials and credit card information will go a long way in protecting you from fraud. However, you can still do more to protect yourself from credit card fraud. Using a secure password should be your priority. Use a mix of alphabets, symbols, and special characters to compose the password. Never use guessable passwords like your birthdate or pet name. Look into other ways of securing your devices. Biometric authentication is a highly efficient way of doing so. After all, it won’t be easy to replicate your eyes, face, or fingerprints. Don’t Use Your Credit Card On an Insecure Website Never purchase anything using your credit card on a website without an SSL certificate. The SSL certification verifies that the website encrypts sensitive information passed between the user and the server. No SSL certificate means that anyone can snoop on that information. When you wish to install an SSL certificate make sure it is from a reputed CA like RapidSSL, GlobalSign, DigiCert, etc. A few well-known certs are popular among developers including RapidSSL wildcard Certificate for subdomains, comodo multi domain SSL, and Thawte SSL for a single domain. A site owner can choose as per the site's requirements. When using your credit card online, you send your card number and security pin to the receiver’s server. Anyone with the right tools and brains can snoop on these exchanges and steal your credit card information. That is even worse than when someone steals your credit card. With credit card theft, you’ll at least know that someone stole it. There’s no easy way to tell if someone stole your credit card information during the transaction process. Be Careful While Using Your Card When using your credit card, keep the following points in mind. Make sure the card reader at the ATM is not loose. Cover your pin as you enter it into the machine. Never let anyone use your credit card. At the same time, never tell your credit card pin to those at the payment terminal or counter of the store. Immediately call your card issuer and block the card if you lose it. Read more : PooCoin Stock Forecast: Everything You Should Know. Be Aware of Unauthorized Transactions Always keep your credit card bills in check. When you spot an unauthorized or suspicious transaction, notify the credit card company. Don’t risk keeping your card active at that stage. Your credit card issuer will also notify you when it sees that you’re trying to make a transaction to a suspicious or blacklisted website. Listen to their reasons for the notification and possible transaction block. Avoid using your credit card on those sites if possible. Credit card fraud will continue as long as people are not careful about how they use it. So, your best bet to avoid these frauds is to ensure you stay extra cautious all the time.

Consideration For Choosing Or Comparing Credit Cards

Choosing the right credit card, also known as charge plate or plastic money, is an important decision that can offer valuable perks, financial flexibility, and benefits. In this article we’re going to be assessing a number of factors with the aim of making the right decision while choosing the card. Consideration will be given to payment flexibility and terms, credit card types, network, and terms and conditions. Lastly, thoughts will also be given to its universality. Comparing Credit Card Payment Flexibility and Terms and Terms There is not an iota of doubt on the fact that credit cards have offered innumerable benefits to people. Amidst their different facilities, flexibility is undoubtedly one of them. It has undoubtedly provided the necessary convenience to people. We shall compare payment flexibility and terms associated with plastic money. To get information on comparing credit cards visit: https://moneywise.com/. Analyzing Payment Flexibility Options Across Credit Cards Some cards have a flexible due date that suits your financial situation and allows you flexibility in managing payments. We all know that the management of payments is indeed one of the biggest challenges entrepreneurs face in their day-to-day lives. Another form of control offered by other cards is the adjustment of minimum payment based on financial capacity. Other flexibility options on the block are the allowance to select how often you make payments such as monthly, bi-weekly, etc. Evaluating the Importance of Payment Terms The impact on payment scores positively influences your credit score, while late payment significantly affects your reputation. Payment terms influence interest accrual on the outstanding balance, so it shouldn’t be ignored. Fees and penalties are imposed based on payment terms; it’s why it is important to adhere to due dates. Responsible Credit Card Usage for Optimal Payment Terms Timely payments help in maintaining optimal payment terms that affect your financial standing positively. Also, note that if you maintain a low monetary utilization ratio by not exceeding your threshold, your payment management terms will be effectively enhanced. Related: Credit Card Frauds And What You Can Do To Avoid Them Comparing Credit Card Type and Network Plastic money, as a versatile financial tool, offers a variety of benefits depending on network affiliation and types. Understanding Credit Card Types Credit cards have undoubtedly revolutionized the entire payment system. They not only helped with the quick transfer of money but also facilitated business development. However, we understand the different types of credit cards in this section. · Secured: This card type is good for people rebuilding their credit card history. It requires a security deposit. · Unsecured: These are the most common types used to cater to a wide range of financial needs and require security deposit. · Reward: Rewards or incentives such as cashback, points, or miles depend on your spending pattern. You will find different reward offers from different providers. You should therefore choose one that suits your lifestyle. For example, you can compare Amex Gold vs Chase Sapphire Preferred to see what each offers before making a choice. · Student: These types are designed for students to help them establish their credit history. These card types have lower monetary limits. Analyzing Different Credit Card Networks Different types of plastic money are available in the financial market. The main ones are - · Visa: This option is versatile with extensive network offerings. It is widely accepted globally and caters to various consumer needs. · Mastercard: This option is also accepted globally and comes with different beneficial offers and perks that make it a popular choice among consumers. · American Express: This premium credit card type is favored by customers seeking rewards and luxury. The American Express is also known for its exceptional customer service. · Discover: Discover doesn’t have any annual fees and is good for individuals looking for straightforward rewards such as cash-back rewards. Comparing Terms and Conditions of Plastic Money Plastic money has ushered in a revolution in the entire circle of the payment system. However, we try to understand some of the ways through which the entire payment system. Different financial organizations have their own terms and conditions for their credit cards. Terms and conditions are laid out guidelines and rules governing the operations and responsibilities of both the issuer and cardholder. Key Comparison Factors Interest rates, credit limits and penalty charges are some of the critical terms and conditions to watch out for when signing up for the plastic. You should carefully note the penalties imposed for late payments, exceeding the threshold, or other infractions. Making Informed Decisions Based on Terms and Conditions Before committing to terms and conditions you’re encouraged to read it thoroughly. By comparing these terms with those across multiple offers, you’re likely to find the best suited for you. Assessing Credit Card Versatility: International Use Plastic money offers flexibility and convenience for transactions worldwide as a financial tool because of its ubiquity and its technological integration. They facilitate seamless currency conversion, allow for online transactions and, above all, enjoy global acceptance providing a comfortable payment option for travellers. Comparing Plastic Money Networks for Global Usability American Express, Visa, Mastercard and Discover are common monetary instruments that have gained extensive worldwide acceptance and used globally for transactions by travelers. This has made them the preferred choice for many individuals the world over. Merits and Demerits of Using Credit Cards Internationally Convenience, a secure way of making purchases and the accrual of rewards and benefits are some of its advantages. Drawbacks such as incurring foreign transaction fees and exchange rates, which may not be favourable may be applied by the plastic money companies. You can read this article to learn more about this international type of payment. Conclusion With comparison from the standpoint of information, one can make choices that best align with one's lifestyle and financial goals. However, a good understanding of its diverse landscape, terms, conditions, and other factors is crucial to making the right choice. The right card is the key to optimizing your financial experience while traveling or making international purchases. Read Also: The Amazon Store Card All You Need To Know About California No Credit Check Loans: A Solution For Those With Poor Credit Home Credit: Information, Eligibility Criteria, Interest Rates, Review & More

Micro vs Macro Economics: What’s The Difference?

What Is Macro Economics?

What Is Micro Economics?